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The subcutis (hypodermis)

The subcutis (sub = under; cutis = skin/Lat.) refers to the fat tissue below the skin. It consists of spongy connective tissue interspersed with energy-storing adipocytes (fat cells).

Fat cell clusters
Fat cells are grouped together in large cushion-like clusters held in place by collagen fibres called connective tissue septa or sheaths.

Nourishment, insulation and padding
The subcutis is heavily interlaced with blood vessels, ensuring a quick delivery of stored nutrients as needed. The functions carried out by the subcutaneous fatty tissue, beside the
 
 

storage of nutrients in the form of liquid fats, include the insulation of the body from cold and shock absorption. On the palms of the hand, the soles of the feet and the buttocks, fat padding serves almost exclusively for shock absorption.

Fat distribution in men and women
The fat content of the subcutis is not the same in all body regions. Also men and women differ in the distribution of subcutaneous fat. An example is cellulite - it is characterized by a special arrangement of the subcutaneous fat tissue septa and predisposes to fat deposition on the hips, thighs and buttocks - which occurs mostly in women. Men on the other hand tend to store fat on the torso.

  Fats, also triglycerides or acylglycerins, are the most plentiful and simplest fatty acid-containing lipids. They are esters of the triol alcohol, glycerine with three saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids. Fats make up the main component of the fat depots.  
         
   

The fat content of the subcutis is not the same in all body regions. Also men and women show differing distributions of subcutaneous fatty tissues.

1 Adipocyte

 
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