The Skin´s Structure

The skin consists of 3 functional layers:

• Epidermis - the outermost ‘protective’ layer of the skin
• Dermis (corneum) - the thick, elastic middle layer
• Subcutis (hypodermis) – the innermost layer composed of fat cells and connective tissue

The skin also contains appendages that have various roles in the function of the skin, including:

• follicles
• Nails
• Sebaceous glands
• Sweat glands

1 Epidermis

2 Dermis

3 Subcutis

4 Hair Follicle

5 Sebaceous gland

6 Sweat gland

Numerous pores cover the skin to allow fluids from sweat glands (located in the dermal layer of the skin) to pass through to the surface. In addition, abundant openings extend from the sebaceous (oil) glands (also in the dermal layer) up to the skin’s surface, allowing for the secretion of oil. These secretions ensure skin moisture and maintain a protective hydrolipid film on the surface of the skin.